Censura

If you can't download Tor Browser through our website, you can get a copy of Tor Browser delivered to you via GetTor. GetTor é um serviço que responde automaticamente às mensagens com hiperligações para a versão mais recente do Tor Browser, alojado em diversas localizações que são menos propensas a censuras, tais como Dropbox, Google Drive e GitHub. You can request via email or Telegram bot https://t.me/gettor_bot. You can also download Tor Browser from https://tor.eff.org or from https://tor.calyxinstitute.org/.

Envie uma mensagem para gettor@torproject.org In the body of the mail, write the name of your operating system (such as Windows, macOS, or Linux). GetTor will respond with an email containing links from which you can download Tor Browser, the cryptographic signature (needed for verifying the download), the fingerprint of the key used to make the signature, and the package's checksum. Pode ser-lhe dado a escolher entre um programa em "32-bit" ou "64-bit": isto depende do computador que está a utilizar; consulte a documentação do seu computador para saber mais sobre isso.

If you suspect that your government or Internet Service Provider (ISP) has implemented some form of Internet censorship or filtering, you can test whether the Tor network is being blocked by using OONI Probe. OONI Probe is a free and open source application developed by the Open Observatory of Network Interference (OONI). It is designed to test and measure which websites, messaging apps, and circumvention tools may be blocked.

Before you run these measurement tests, please carefully read OONI's security recommendations and risk assessment. As any other testing tool, please be aware of false positive tests with OONI.

To check if Tor is blocked, you can install OONI Probe on your mobile device or on your desktop, and run the "Circumvention Test". An OONI Tor Test can serve as an indication of a potential block of the Tor network, but a thorough analysis by our developers is crucial for a conclusive evaluation.

O Tor Browser pode certamente ajudar as pessoas a acederem ao seu site da Web em locais onde o acesso está bloqueado. Na maioria dos casos, transferir simplesmente o Tor Browser e depois utilizá-lo para navegar até ao site da Web bloqueado irá permitir o acesso. Em locais onde há censura, nós temos várias opções disponíveis para a contornar, incluindo transportes ligáveis.

For more information, please see the Tor Browser User Manual section on censorship circumvention.

Se tiver problemas de ligação, pode aparecer uma mensagem de erro e pode selecionar a opção "copiar o registo do Tor para a área de transferência". E depois cole esse registo do Tor num ficheiro de texto ou documento similar.

If you don't see this option and you have Tor Browser open, you can navigate to the hamburger menu ("≡"), then click on "Settings", and finally on "Connection" in the side bar. No final da página, à beira de "Ver os logs do Tor", clique no botão "Ver logs...".

Em alternativa, no GNU/Linux, para ver os registos diretamente no terminal, navegue até ao diretório do Tor Browser e inicie o Tor Browser a partir da linha de comandos, executando:

‪./start-tor-browser.desktop --verbose

or to save the logs to a file (default: tor-browser.log)

‪./start-tor-browser.desktop --log [file]

Deve ver um destes erros comuns nos registos (procure pelas seguintes linhas no seu registo do Tor):

Common log error #1: Proxy connection failure

2017-10-29 09:23:40.800 [NOTICE] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9150
2017-10-29 09:23:47.900 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 5%: Connecting to directory server
2017-10-29 09:23:47.900 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server
2017-10-29 09:24:08.900 [WARN] Proxy Client: unable to connect to xx..xxx..xxx.xx:xxxxx ("general SOCKS server failure")

Se vê linhas como estas no seu registo do Tor, isso significa que não está a conseguir conectar a um proxy SOCKS. Se for necessário um proxy SOCKS para configurar a sua rede, então certifique-se que introduziu os dados do proxy corretamente. Se unão foi necessário um proxy SOCKS ou não tem certeza se precisa, por favor tente conectar à rede Tor sem um proxy SOCKS.

Common log error #2: Can't reach guard relays

11/1/2017 21:11:43 PM.500 [NOTICE] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9150
11/1/2017 21:11:44 PM.300 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 80%: Connecting to the Tor network
11/1/2017 21:11:44 PM.300 [WARN] Failed to find node for hop 0 of our path. Discarding this circuit.
11/1/2017 21:11:44 PM.500 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 85%: Finishing handshake with first hop
11/1/2017 21:11:45 PM.300 [WARN] Failed to find node for hop 0 of our path. Discarding this circuit.

Se vê linhas como estas no seu registo do Tor, isso significa que o seu Tor não conseguiu conectar-se ao primeiro nó no circuito Tor. Isto poderia significar que está numa rede que é censurada.

Por favor, tente ligar com pontes, e isso deverá resolver o problema.

Common log error #3: Failed to complete TLS handshake

13-11-17 19:52:24.300 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server 
13-11-17 19:53:49.300 [WARN] Problem bootstrapping. Stuck at 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server. (DONE; DONE; count 10; recommendation warn; host [host] at xxx.xxx.xxx.xx:xxx) 
13-11-17 19:53:49.300 [WARN] 10 connections have failed: 
13-11-17 19:53:49.300 [WARN]  9 connections died in state handshaking (TLS) with SSL state SSLv2/v3 read server hello A in HANDSHAKE 
13-11-17 19:53:49.300 [WARN]  1 connections died in state connect()ing with SSL state (No SSL object)

Se vê linhas como estas no seu registo do Tor, isso significa que o seu Tor não conseguiu fazer o handshake TLS com as autoridades de diretórios. Se utilizar pontes poderá resolver este problema.

Common log error #4: Clock skew

19.11.2017 00:04:47.400 [NOTICE] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9150 
19.11.2017 00:04:48.000 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 5%: Connecting to directory server 
19.11.2017 00:04:48.200 [NOTICE] Bootstrapped 10%: Finishing handshake with directory server 
19.11.2017 00:04:48.800 [WARN] Received NETINFO cell with skewed time (OR:xxx.xx.x.xx:xxxx): It seems that our clock is behind by 1 days, 0 hours, 1 minutes, or that theirs is ahead. Tor requires an accurate clock to work: please check your time, timezone, and date settings.

Se vir linhas como estas no seu registo do Tor, isto significa que o relógio do seu sistema operativo está incorreto. Certifique-se que o relógio do sistema está correto, incluindo o fuso horário. Após isso reinicie o Tor.

Os retransmissores de ponte são retransmissores Tor que não estão listados no diretório Tor público.

Isso quer dizer que os fornecedores de Internet e os governos que tentam bloquear os acessos à rede Tor não podem simplesmente bloquear todas as pontes Tor. As pontes são úteis para os utilizadores do Tor que estejam em regimes repressivos e para pessoas que queiram uma segurança extra porque estão preocupados que alguém saiba que estão a contactar um endereço IP público de um retransmissor Tor.

Uma ponte é apenas um retransmissor normal com uma configuração ligeiramente diferente. See How do I run a bridge for instructions.

Vários países, incluindo China e Irão, encontraram meios para detetar e bloquear ligações às pontes Tor. Obfsproxy bridges address this by adding another layer of obfuscation. A configuração de uma ponte obfsproxy requer a instalação de pacotes de software e configurações adicionais. See our page on pluggable transports for more info.

Snowflake is a pluggable transport available in Tor Browser to defeat internet censorship. Like a Tor bridge, a user can access the open internet when even regular Tor connections are censored. To use Snowflake is as easy as to switch to a new bridge configuration in Tor Browser.

This system is composed of three components: volunteers running Snowflake proxies, Tor users that want to connect to the internet, and a broker, that delivers snowflake proxies to users.

Volunteers willing to help users on censored networks can help by spinning short-lived proxies on their regular browsers. Check, how can I use Snowflake?

Snowflake uses the highly effective domain fronting technique to make a connection to one of the thousands of snowflake proxies run by volunteers. These proxies are lightweight, ephemeral, and easy to run, allowing us to scale Snowflake more easily than previous techniques.

For censored users, if your Snowflake proxy gets blocked, the broker will find a new proxy for you, automatically.

If you're interested in the technical details and specification, see the Snowflake Technical Overview and the project page. For other discussions about Snowflake, please visit the Tor Forum and follow up the Snowflake tag.

Snowflake is available in Tor Browser stable for all platforms: Windows, macOS, GNU/Linux, and Android. You can also use Snowflake with Onion Browser on iOS.

If you're running Tor Browser for desktop for the first time, you can click on 'Configure Connection' on the start-up screen. Na secção "Pontes", localize a opção "Escolher uma das pontes integradas no Tor Browser" e clique na opção "Selecionar uma ponte integrada". From the menu, select 'Snowflake'. Once you've selected Snowflake, scroll up and click 'Connect' to save your settings.

From within the browser, you can click on the hamburger menu ("≡"), then go to 'Settings' and go to 'Connection'. Alternatively, you can also type about:preferences#connection in the URL bar. Na secção "Pontes", localize a opção "Escolher uma das pontes integradas no Tor Browser" e clique na opção "Selecionar uma ponte integrada". From the menu, select 'Snowflake'.

If your internet access is not censored, you should consider installing the Snowflake extension to help users in censored networks. When you run Snowflake on your regular browser, you will proxy traffic between censored users and an entry node in the Tor network, and that's all.

Due to censorship of VPN servers in some countries, we kindly ask you to not run a snowflake proxy while connected to a VPN.

Add-on

Firstly make sure you have WebRTC enabled. Then you can install this extension for Firefox or the extension for Chrome which will let you become a Snowflake proxy. It can also inform you about how many people you have helped in the last 24 hours.

Web page

In a browser where WebRTC is enabled: If you don't want to add Snowflake to your browser, you can go to embed-snowflake.torproject.org and toggle the button to opt in to being a proxy. You shouldn't close that page if you want to remain a Snowflake proxy.

Users in China need to take a few steps to circumvent the Great Firewall and connect to the Tor network.

To get an updated version of Tor Browser, try the Telegram bot first: @gettor_bot. If that doesn't work, you can send an email to gettor@torproject.org with the subject "windows", "macos", or "linux" for the respective operating system.

After the installation, Tor Browser will try to connect to the Tor network. If Tor is blocked in your location, Connection Assist will try to automatically connect using a bridge or Snowflake. But if that doesn't work, the second step will be to obtain a bridge that works in China.

There are following options to unblock Tor in China:

1. WebTunnel: makes the traffic look like a regular HTTPS connection to a webpage server giving the impression that the user is simply browsing the web. To obtain WebTunnel bridges, visit our bridges website. From the "Advanced options" select "WebTunnel", from the dropdown, as the pluggable transport. Then click on "Get Bridges". Support for WebTunnel bridges is only available on Tor Browser for Desktop and Android.
2. Snowflake: uses ephemeral proxies to connect to the Tor network. It's available in Tor Browser and other Tor powered apps like Orbot. You can select Snowflake from Tor Browser's built-in bridge menu.
3. Private and unlisted obfs4 bridges: contact our Telegram Bot @GetBridgesBot and type /bridges. Ou envie uma mensagem de correio eletrónico para frontdesk@torproject.orgcom a frase "private bridge cn" no assunto da mensagem. If you are tech-savvy, you can run your own obfs4 bridge from outside China. Remember that obfs4 bridges distributed from the Tor bridges website, and built-in obfs4 bridges bundled in Tor Browser most likely won't work.
4. meek-azure: makes it look like you are browsing a website instead of using Tor. However, because it has a bandwidth limitation, this option will be quite slow. You can select meek-azure from Tor Browser's built-in bridges dropdown.

For obfs4 or WebTunnel bridges obtained via email or from the Bridges website, follow instructions on the Tor Browser User Manual to enter the bridge addresses in Tor Browser.

If one of these options above is not working, check your Tor logs and try another option. If you need help, you can contact our support team on Telegram Tor Project Support and Signal.

If you have exhausted general troubleshooting steps, it's possible that your connection to Tor is censored. In that case, connecting with one of the built-in censorship circumvention methods in Tor Browser can help. Connection Assist can automatically choose one for you using your location.

If Connection Assist is unable to facilitate the connection to Tor, you can configure Tor Browser to use one of the built-in circumvention methods manually. To use bridges and access other censorship circumvention related settings, click "Configure Connection" when starting Tor Browser for the first time. In the "Bridges" section, locate the option "Choose from one of Tor Browser's built-in bridges" and click on the "Select a built-In bridge" option. From the menu, select a censorship circumvention method.

Or, if you have Tor Browser running, click on "Settings" in the hamburger menu (≡) and then on "Connection" in the sidebar. In the "Bridges" section, locate the option "Choose from one of Tor Browser's built-in bridges" and click on the "Select a built-In bridge" option. Select a censorship circumvention method from the menu. As suas preferências serão automaticamente gravadas quando fecha a janela.

If Tor fails to connect, you might have to try other methods of getting bridges. Please refer to the Tor Browser User Manual for further instructions and more information about bridges. If you have Tor Browser installed type about:manual#bridges in the address bar of Tor Browser to read the offline manual.

Find up-to-date instructions on how to circumvent censorship and connect to Tor from Russia on our forum guide: Tor blocked in Russia - how to circumvent censorship.

If you need help, contact us via Telegram, WhatsApp, Signal, or by email frontdesk@torproject.org. For censorship circumvention instructions, use "private bridge ru" as the subject line of your email.

Algumas vezes os sites bloqueiam os utilizadores do Tor porque eles não conseguem determinar a diferença entre um utilizador Tor e um robô/ programa automatizado. O método com mais sucesso que até agora os utilizadores tiveram com os sites a desbloquearem os utilizadores do Tor é eles contactarem os administradores dos sites diretamente. Algo como o seguinte poderá resolver o problema:

"Olá! Tentei aceder ao seu site xyz.com com o Tor Browser e descobri que vocês não permitem que os utilizadores do Tor Browser não acedam ao vosso site. Peço que reconsiderem essa decisão. O Tor é utilizado por pessoas em todo o mundo que querem proteger a sua privacidade e impedir a censura. Ao bloquear utilizadores do Tor, está também a bloquear as pessoas em países repressivos que querem utilizar uma Internet livre, assim como jornalistas e investigadores que querem proteger-se a eles mesmos contra informadores, ativistas e pessoas comuns que querem ter o poder de decidirem quanto à monitorização de terceiros. Por favor tome uma posição forte a favor da privacidade digital e liberdade na internet, e permita que os utilizadores do Tor acedam ao vosso site. Obrigado."

No caso de sites da Web bancários, e outros sensíveis, é também comum o bloqueio com base na origem geográfica (se um banco sabe que acede normalmente aos seus serviços de um país, e de repente está a ligar de uma retransmissão de saída do outro lado do mundo, a sua conta poderá ser bloqueada ou suspensa).

If you are unable to connect to an onion service, please see I cannot reach X.onion!.